What is a free gingival graft, and when is it needed?

A free gingival graft is intended mainly to widen the firm gum tissue (keratinized gingiva) and make brushing and maintenance easier, rather than to cover an exposed root. A thin piece of surface gum tissue is taken from the palate and grafted to the deficient area. It may be considered when ① brushing hurts or the gum moves, ② the lip or cheek pulls on the gum and makes cleaning difficult, or ③ inflammation repeatedly occurs around a tooth or implant. However, another type of gum graft may be more suitable when root coverage or cosmetic improvement is the main goal, so we decide after an examination.